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TOPIC:
RETHINKING REVEALED COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE WITH MICRO DATA
ABSTRACT
In a seminal paper, Balassa (1965) introduced the notion of revealed comparative advantage (RCA) as a measure of comparative advantage based on export patterns across sectors. There are, however, two problems with such an approach. First, the sectoral ranking of revealed comparative advantage according to relative sectoral exports may not coincide with the ranking of comparative advantage based on relative costs. Second, the various exogenous and endogenous factors determining the observed export patterns may be hard to disentangle as long as some of them are unobserved. We tackle both problems by developing a quantitative framework with firm heterogeneity where firm-level data can be exploited to obtain a theoretically consistent measure of RCA as well as an assessment of its different determinants.