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TOPIC:
Voter Turnout and Preference Aggregation
ABSTRACT
This paper studies how voter turnout affects aggregation of voter preferences in elections. Given that voting is costly, election outcomes disproportionately aggregate the preferences of voters with low voting cost or high preference intensity. We show that the correlation structure among preferences, costs, and perception of voting efficacy can be identified, and explore how the correlation affects preference aggregation. Using 2004 U.S. presidential election data, we find that minority, low-income, and less-educated voters are underrepresented. All of these groups tend to prefer Democrats except for the less-educated. Democrats would have won 8 more states if all eligible voters turned out.